Git 2.49.0.windows.1
After failing with filter-repo I got it done with the good old subtree, which I also used to do the opposite: Move a Git & Maven project as module to a parent project
I followed this Steps: Detach (move) subdirectory into separate Git repository
1. Create a new repo in BitBucket
2. Clone the new repo to local
3. Go to the bigRepo and do this:
git subtree split -P foldernameOfSubmodule -b newBranchName
The -b stuff is the branch, where the submodul is put, and which also has the history for this submodul
4. Go to the cloned new repo and type:
git pull path/to/oldrepo branchname
5. Go to old repo and remove the submodule
6. Remove the submodule from the submodule list in the pom
7. Add .gitignore and fix the pom in the new repo